The Balfour Declaration of 1917 set the stage for Jewish immigration to Palestine, which was then under British control. This move was seen as a betrayal by the Arab world, which had been promised independence. Fast forward to 1947, the UN proposed a partition plan, giving separate states to Jews and Arabs. Although accepted by Jewish leaders, it was rejected by Arab leaders and Palestinian Arabs.
The narrative of Israel solely as an aggressor doesn't paint the full picture. Israel has been on the receiving end of attacks as well. For instance, during the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel was surrounded by Arab nations ready to attack. Israel's pre-emptive strike was a response to an existential threat.
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