For truly beneficial things like medicine and medical devices, testing is an unfortunate necessity. It is an extremely regrettable fact of life that innovation sometimes requires animal testing and experimentation. Scientific understanding of neuroplasticity was first demonstrated by Karl Lashley in 1923 using Rhesus Monkeys to showcase neuron adaptation. If it was not for Vladimir Demikhov's experiments on dogs in the 1930's through 1950's, we likely would not have had the artificial heart (1937) or the coronary artery bypass surgery (1953). In fact, Christiaan Barnard, who performed the first human-to-human heart transplant credited Demikhov as the "father of heart and lung transplantation". Now, by no means should experimentation be limitless. Strong ethics and animal welfare considerations must be made so as to ensure that animals are treated as well as possible and are not made to suffer.
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